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Built by a practicing doctor · Sources: NHS, NICE, AAOS & more
💛 Friendly guidance: not medical advice💛 Friendly guidance · Always consult your doctorConsult your doctor · Disclaimer

Sources and clinical guidelines

ⓘ Always speak with your doctor. This is here to help you feel informed, not to replace the wonderful people caring for you. Always speak with your doctor, surgeon, or healthcare professional before making any decisions about your health or treatment.

Every recovery recommendation on this site (timing, driving restrictions, warning signs, wound care) is drawn from the organisations and guidelines listed here. Nothing is invented; everything is traceable.

🦺
Last reviewed: July 2026
Content reviewed against primary sources. Guidelines are updated when source organisations publish revisions.

Source organisations

NHS
National Health Service, United Kingdom
Patient information and clinical pathways for orthopaedic, cardiac, abdominal, and general surgery recovery.
nhs.uk/conditions ↗
NICE
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, UK
Evidence-based clinical guidelines including VTE prevention (NG89), ERAS protocols, joint replacement (NG157), and cardiac rehabilitation (CG172).
nice.org.uk ↗
AAOS
American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
Clinical practice guidelines for knee replacement, hip replacement, ACL reconstruction, shoulder surgery, rotator cuff repair, carpal tunnel and fracture repair.
aaos.org ↗
AHA / ACC
American Heart Association / American College of Cardiology
Post-operative cardiac care guidelines for bypass surgery, valve surgery, stent procedures, and cardiac rehabilitation protocols.
heart.org ↗
healthdirect
Australian Government health information service
Clinically reviewed patient information for Australian patients. Covers surgery preparation, post-operative care, medications and wound management.
healthdirect.gov.au ↗
ASMBS
American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery
Patient guidance on life after bariatric surgery, including diet progression, protein and fluid targets, lifelong supplementation, and expected weight-loss outcomes.
asmbs.org ↗
Cancer Council AU
Cancer Council Australia
Evidence-based guidance for cancer surgery recovery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and survivorship. Australia’s peak independent cancer authority.
cancer.org.au ↗
RCOG
Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, UK
Patient information for hysterectomy, C-section, and gynaecological surgery recovery. Evidence-based clinical guidelines and patient leaflets.
rcog.org.uk ↗
NHLBI
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, USA
Clinical guidelines for DVT prevention, pulmonary embolism, cardiac surgery recovery, and blood thinner management after surgery.
nhlbi.nih.gov ↗
AUA
American Urological Association
Post-operative guidelines for prostate surgery, nephrectomy, TURP, prostate biopsy, and urological oncology recovery.
auanet.org ↗
ATA
American Thyroid Association
Post-operative guidelines for thyroidectomy recovery including calcium management, levothyroxine replacement, and surveillance after thyroid cancer surgery.
thyroid.org ↗
Macmillan
Macmillan Cancer Support, UK
Cancer treatment journey guidance, chemotherapy and radiotherapy patient information, and emotional support resources for cancer patients and families.
macmillan.org.uk ↗
NCI
National Cancer Institute, USA
Authoritative cancer treatment information, clinical trials data, and post-surgical oncology guidance. Part of the US National Institutes of Health.
cancer.gov ↗
NOGG
National Osteoporosis Guideline Group, UK
The UK's clinical guideline for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, including fracture risk assessment and secondary prevention after a fragility fracture.
nogg.org.uk ↗
ROS
Royal Osteoporosis Society, UK
Patient information on bone density scanning, fracture risk assessment, and osteoporosis diagnosis and treatment.
theros.org.uk ↗
BHOF
Bone Health & Osteoporosis Foundation, USA
Calcium and vitamin D intake recommendations and general bone health guidance for adults.
bonehealthandosteoporosis.org ↗
CDC STEADI
US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Stopping Elderly Accidents, Deaths & Injuries initiative
Home fall-prevention checklists and falls-risk guidance used for bone-health and fracture-prevention content.
cdc.gov/steadi ↗
Emergency numbers
List of emergency telephone numbers
National emergency contact numbers shown in our welcome disclaimer (Australia, New Zealand, UK, Ireland, USA, Canada, European Union, India) and the 112 GSM mobile fallback. Last checked Aug 2026: always confirm with a local source if travelling, as numbers can change.
en.wikipedia.org ↗

Sources by surgery and procedure

Surgery / procedurePrimary guidelines used
Knee replacement AAOS Total Knee Arthroplasty guidelines · NHS knee replacement · NICE NG157
Hip replacement AAOS Total Hip Arthroplasty guidelines · NHS hip replacement · NICE NG157 · healthdirect
ACL reconstruction AAOS ACL guidelines · NHS ACL injury
Rotator cuff repair AAOS shoulder surgery guidelines · NHS rotator cuff
Carpal tunnel surgery AAOS Carpal Tunnel guidelines · NHS carpal tunnel
Osteoporosis & fracture prevention NOGG 2024 guideline · Royal Osteoporosis Society · healthdirect · BHOF calcium & vitamin D · Mayo Clinic exercise guidance · CDC STEADI home checklist
Spinal fusion NICE NG59 · NHS spinal conditions · North American Spine Society (NASS) guidelines
Heart bypass (CABG) AHA cardiac surgery guidelines · NHS CABG · NICE CG172 cardiac rehab
Angioplasty & stent AHA/ACC coronary artery disease guidelines · NHS angioplasty · healthdirect
Heart valve surgery AHA/ACC Valve Disease guidelines · NHS heart valve disease
Bariatric / weight-loss surgery (sleeve, bypass, band) ASMBS: Life After Bariatric Surgery · ASMBS Metabolic & Bariatric Surgery overview · NHS weight-loss surgery · healthdirect
Gallbladder removal NHS cholecystectomy · healthdirect · NICE ERAS guidelines
Hernia repair NHS hernia repair · healthdirect · European Hernia Society guidelines
Appendectomy NHS appendicitis · healthdirect
Hysterectomy RCOG hysterectomy · NHS hysterectomy · healthdirect
C-section NICE NG192 caesarean birth · RCOG caesarean section · healthdirect
Prostate surgery AUA post-prostatectomy guidelines · Cancer Council Australia · NHS prostate cancer treatment
Thyroidectomy American Thyroid Association · NHS thyroid surgery · Endocrine Society calcium management guidelines
Mastectomy Cancer Council Australia · BCNA (Breast Cancer Network Australia) · NHS mastectomy
Colonoscopy NHS colonoscopy · healthdirect · European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) guidelines
Laparoscopy (keyhole) NHS laparoscopy · healthdirect · NICE ERAS guidelines
Nephrectomy (kidney removal) AUA guidelines · NHS nephrectomy · healthdirect
Stroke recovery NHS stroke treatment · Stroke Foundation Australia · NICE guideline NG128 (stroke rehabilitation)
DVT prevention (all surgery) NICE NG89: venous thromboembolism prevention · NHLBI DVT · Thrombosis Australia
Cardiac rehabilitation NICE CG172 · AHA cardiac rehabilitation scientific statement · Australian Cardiovascular Health and Rehabilitation Association (ACRA)
Cancer treatment (chemo / radiotherapy) Cancer Council Australia · Macmillan Cancer Support · National Cancer Institute

Primary research citations

Key peer-reviewed studies underpinning specific claims on this site. All verified via PubMed. PMID links resolve to the abstract on pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.

ClaimStudy (PMID)Pages
Hip replacement recovery milestones and driving at 6 weeks PMID 39281992
SAGE Open Med 2024 · DOI: 10.1177/15563316231158615
Hip replacement, Driving after surgery
DVT/VTE prophylaxis risk and approach after joint replacement PMID 34133395
J Bone Joint Surg 2021 · DOI: 10.2106/JBJS.20.02250
DVT checker, DVT prevention
Driving return timelines after knee and hip arthroplasty (meta-analysis) PMID 28455464
Bone Joint J 2017 · DOI: 10.1302/0301-620X.99B5.BJJ-2016-1064.R1
Driving after surgery, Driving readiness checker
Early mobilisation after hip replacement reduces pain and improves outcomes PMID 33709165
Z Rheumatol 2021 · DOI: 10.1007/s00393-021-00978-5
Hip replacement recovery, Rehabilitation FAQ
Fever ≥38°C during chemotherapy requires immediate review (neutropenic sepsis) PMID 32892669
Expert Rev Hematol 2020 · DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2020.1811031
Cancer treatment journey, Chemotherapy guide
Surgical site infection: signs, diagnosis criteria and management PMID 32809368
Br J Surg 2020 · DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znaa067
Wound check tool, Just got home
Postoperative fatigue is universal and often underestimated by patients PMID 33215245
World J Surg 2021 · DOI: 10.1007/s00268-020-05879-5
Just got home, Sleep guide, Rehabilitation FAQ
Arm and shoulder symptoms after CABG related to sternotomy and nerve effects PMID 39258077
Cureus 2024 · DOI: 10.7759/cureus.66598
Heart bypass recovery

How content is written

Synthesis, not invention. Recovery guidance is synthesised from the primary sources listed above. Where multiple guidelines exist for the same procedure, they are cross-referenced. The most conservative recommendation is used where sources differ.

Plain language translation. Clinical guidelines are written for clinicians. This site translates those guidelines into plain language accessible to patients and carers, without altering the clinical recommendations.

Limitations. This site provides general guidance. It does not account for individual patient circumstances, specific surgical techniques, implant types, or surgeon preferences. Patients should always follow their own surgical team’s specific discharge instructions, which take precedence.

Updates. Content is reviewed when primary source guidelines are updated. Last full review: July 2026. If you identify a recommendation that appears to conflict with current guidelines, contact us via askmygp.com.au.

For clinicians

Every major recommendation on this site: timing of mobilisation, driving restrictions, DVT prevention, wound care, medication management. Is traceable to one or more of the organisations listed above. This site does not provide differential diagnosis, does not recommend specific medication doses, and does not replace clinical judgement or the patient’s surgical team’s instructions.

If you are considering recommending this site to patients, the for clinicians page explains the evidence base and how to add a QR code to your discharge paperwork.

Content last reviewed: July 2026
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